This article will open a series of manuals on how to setup an automation testing environment using the latest at the moment Ubuntu 20.04 Linux, Current JDK 11 LTS, Latest Maven, Latest JUnit and IntelliJ Community IDE.
Preconditions: This article assumes that you have Ubuntu 20.04 installed and updated with all the latest updates. You also should have sudo privileges to be able to install the software.
Part 1 – Install JDK:
The simplistic way: Open JDK is available to install using apt, open your terminal and execute:
user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt install default-jdk
Follow the installation procedure. It’s straightforward and usually doesn’t have any issues along the way. Post install verification can be found right after alternative installation methods below, because it’s pretty much the same for all of them. Click to here to get to that part.
Alternative Installation 1: Download from Oracle and install the package manually.
DL link: https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase-jdk11-downloads.html
Take: jdk-11.0.7_linux-x64_bin.deb
Sign In to Oracle and Download will start automatically.
As a result you should get a package: jdk-11.0.7_linux-x64_bin.deb
Now let’s open terminal and execute this command:
user@ubuntu:~$ cd ~/Downloads // .deb file should be there
user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt install ./jdk-11.0.7_linux-x64_bin.deb
This should install the package in your system. Now we’ll need to make java and javac available to the system. For that we need to execute 2 commands:
user@ubuntu:~$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.7/bin/java 1
And:
user@ubuntu:~$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.7/bin/javac 1
After that continue with Post install verification – click to here to get to that part.
Alternative Installation 2: Amazon Corretto
Downloads for Amazon Corretto are available here: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/corretto/latest/corretto-11-ug/downloads-list.html
Direct link to Java 11 JDK: https://corretto.aws/downloads/latest/amazon-corretto-11-x64-linux-jdk.deb
This should download Java 11 JDK package: java-11-amazon-corretto-jdk_11.0.7.10-1_amd64.deb
The installation is easier than Oracle JDK, let’s do it, open the terminal and type:
user@ubuntu:~$ cd ~/Downloads // .deb file should be there
user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt install ./java-11-amazon-corretto-jdk_11.0.7.10-1_amd64.deb
This should install the Amazon Correto JDK in your system. Continue with Post installation verification below:
Post installation verification
Now after JDK installation is completed we need to verify that everything works:
user@ubuntu:~$ java -version
The result should look something like:
openjdk version "11.0.7" 2020-04-14
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.7+10-post-Ubuntu-3ubuntu1)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 11.0.7+10-post-Ubuntu-3ubuntu1, mixed mode, sharing)
And to see what do we have for the compiler execute:
user@ubuntu:~$ javac -version
Expected result:
javac 11.0.7
Setting up $JAVA_HOME
This part is following the Open-JDK installation. Make sure you pay attention to your paths for Alternative installations.
Now we’ll need to verify that $JAVA_HOME variable exist. Many parts of this setup depend on this variable. If this is your first install for JDK it most likely isn’t there. So we’ll need to setup the variable like so:
Short way:
This way should work, but if it doesn’t there is an alternative below. In your terminal type:
user@ubuntu:~$ readlink -f $(which java)
The expected result should look like this below. That’s a full Java path in your system:
/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64/bin/java
For our $JAVA_HOME we’ll need this part of the path:
/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
If that somehow didn’t work, there’s an alternative. See below.
Long way:
Type this in the terminal:
user@ubuntu:~$ whereis java
The reply should look like this:
java: /usr/bin/java /usr/share/java /usr/share/man/man1/java.1.gz
Now, let’s start digging, type this:
user@ubuntu:~$ ls -l /usr/bin/java
Oh, that’s a symbolic link… let’s dig deeper:
user@ubuntu:~$ ls -l /etc/alternatives/java
Reply should be looking like so:
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 43 Apr 24 05:02 /etc/alternatives/java -> /usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64/bin/java
For our $JAVA_HOME we’ll need this part of the path:
/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
Now let’s setup the $JAVA_HOME environment variable with the path we located.
user@ubuntu:~$ export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
Then verify it’s there:
user@ubuntu:~$ echo $JAVA_HOME
Returns:
/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
And this is the result we are looking for!
Adding $JAVA_HOME to $PATH.
To add $JAVA_HOME to the $PATH we need to type this in the terminal:
/home/user$ export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
Those variables will last until bash is running, if you close terminal or restart your computer they’re going to be lost. So, we need to make those changes permanent, we need to open current user’s home folder:
user@ubuntu:~$ cd ~
Then open nano editor(I prefer nano because it’s easy to use) and edit the file .bashrc which is hidden file in current user’s folder.
user@ubuntu:~$ nano .bashrc
And under comments starting with # we need to add these line:
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
Now after machine restarts we should be able to see $JAVA_HOME every time we try to access it.
user@ubuntu:~$ echo $JAVA_HOME
Replies with:
/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
We are done with JDK setup! Congrats!
